Diagnostic methods for colitis have improved and the advent of colonoscopy, with the ability to take multiple biopsy specimens, has not only widened our diagnostic vision but has allowed the detection of dysplasia. Surveillance colonoscopy has been introduced as a result and continues to stir up controversy. Treatment, having remained static for almost 50 years, has become enormously exciting, with many new avenues being explored. It has been informed by progress in our understanding of disease pathogenesis and, as such, is highly stimulating and provides an excellent paradigm for treating disorders of unknown aetiology. This symposium provides an update on the clinically important aspects of diagnosis and treatment of collitis, underpinned by scientific mechanisms.

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