Ever since the first humanlike creatures arrived some 80,000 years ago, Southeast Asiais varied and challenging environment has helped shape the course of human destiny. From the importance of its spices to 17th-century Europeans to the jungle canopies that sheltered Communist insurgents throughout much of the 20th century, the regionis environment has often proven decisive in human affairs.Packed with key facts and analysis, Southeast Asia provides an expert guide to the complex interplay between human societies and the environment from Burma to the Philippines and from Vietnam to Indonesia. How has the environment helped shape politics, trade, and religion? What are the likely consequences of ongoing deforestation for Southeast Asiais people and animals? This work charts the regionis environmental history from prehistory to modern times and is essential reading for students and experts alike.