Award-winning monograph of the Ferran Sunyer i Balaguer Prize 2002. The subject of this book is the study of automorphic distributions, by which is meant distributions on R2 invariant under the linear action of SL(2,Z), and of the operators associated with such distributions under the Weyl rule of symbolic calculus. Researchers and postgraduates interested in pseudodifferential analyis, the theory of non-holomorphic modular forms, and symbolic calculi will benefit from the clear exposition and new results and insights.