Well-doumented scholarly work that traces the history of the African presence in the Spanish, English, French and Dutch Caribbean. Carlos Esteban Deive (1935) is the author of over 27 titles and has been awarded the Premio Nacional de Ensayo on several occassions. Some of his works include ¿Y tu abuela dónde está?: el negro en la historia y la cultura dominicanas (2013), Los dominicanos vistos por los extranjeros, 1730-1929 (2009), El festín de los generales (2007), Tangomangos: contrabando y piratería en Santo Domingo, 1522-1606 (1996), La esclavitud del negro en Santo Domingo, 1492-1844 (1980), Las devastaciones (1979), Vodú y magia en Santo Domingo (1979), among many others. Important contribution to the study of Afro-Caribbean history and culture.