This is a regional history. The "Southeastern States" are those states lying south of the Mason-Dixon Line and east of the Mississippi River which held an appreciable number of Lutherans in 1860. They would include Virginia and the present West Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, and Tennessee. The dates 1860-1886 are determined by the natural divisions of southern Lutheran history. 1860 is an ideal beginning date since it affords an opportunity to consider southern Lutheranism while it was still a part of an undivided nation. The following years trace the history of ecclesiastical division caused by the war, and then the slow formation of a regional consciousness expressed in synodical cooperation and union. This process culminates in the establishment of the United Synod of the South in 1886. - Preface.