Medieval society was dominated by its knights and nobles. The literature created in medieval Europe was primarily a literature of knightly deeds, and the modern imagination has also been captured by these leaders and warriors. This book explores the nature of the nobility, focusing on France in the High Middle Ages (11th-13th centuries). Constance Brittain Bouchard examines their families; their relationships with peasants, townspeople, and clerics; and the images of them fashioned in medieval literary texts. She incorporates throughout a consideration of noble women and the nobility's attitude toward women. Bouchard presents bold new interpretations of medieval literature as both reflecting and criticizing the role of the nobility and its behavior. She offers the first synthesis of this scholarship in accessible form inviting general readers as well as students and professional scholars to a new understanding of aristocratic role and function.