A technical monograph on the theory and application of predictive control, written in French for engineers, researchers, and advanced students working in automation and process control. The book presents predictive control as a practical framework for anticipating system behavior, optimizing control actions, and improving the performance of dynamic industrial processes. It addresses the mathematical and methodological foundations needed to understand the approach, while emphasizing its use in real engineering contexts. The work is especially relevant to fields such as control systems, industrial automation, process optimization, and applied engineering, where reliable regulation of complex systems is essential. As a specialized technical text, it serves as a reference for readers seeking a structured introduction to predictive control methods and their practical implementation.