Know Thyself: The Science of Self-Awareness by Stephen Fleming is a explores the concept of metacognition, which refers to our ability to think about our own thoughts. Fleming, a cognitive neuroscientist, seeks to explain the current scientific understanding of human self-awareness and how we can know ourselves, including our abilities, limitations, and conscious experiences. Through understanding metacognition more deeply, the book shows how we can gain insights into ourselves and others. Know Thyself sheds light on an important aspect of human cognition and consciousness—our capacity for introspection and self-reflection—and how cultivating greater self-awareness can provide benefits in many areas of life.