This scholarly work examines the medical philosophy of René Descartes, exploring how the renowned philosopher's ideas intersected with 17th-century medical thought. Vincent Aucante analyzes Descartes' approach to medicine within the broader context of his philosophical system, investigating the relationship between his metaphysical theories and contemporary medical practices. The book draws on historical sources to illuminate how Descartes understood the human body, health, and disease, placing his medical writings in dialogue with the scientific and philosophical developments of his era. Published by Presses universitaires de France, this volume includes extensive scholarly apparatus including illustrations, figures, tables, appendices, and a comprehensive bibliography, making it a significant contribution to the study of early modern philosophy and the history of medicine.