This collection of fourteen essays provides a starting point to re-think music and national identity in Aotearoa/New Zealand. The papers offer various perspectives on the interconnections between music and identity, while providing case-studies on diverse topics including performance, composition, and musical styles. Based on a conference held at the University of Otago, The book covers three broad themes: Cultural Diversity; Popular Culture; and Education and High-Art. Within any nation, individuals might have a cultural identity that is related to notions of being or becoming, or they may live transcultural lives. One consequence of the nation-state is that notions of national identity are often challenged and continually changing, often brought about by social and cultural flows such as those connected with music.