This book presents an engaging overview of the future research challenges for economists and social scientists concerning population ageing, pensions, health and social care in Europe. Various experts discuss how scientific research can provide cutting-edge evidence on income security of the elderly, well-being of the elderly, and labour markets and older workers: three themes dominating the current European economic and social policy debate. By adopting a forward-looking approach, the book discusses the remaining knowledge gaps and research opportunities. It also reviews data needs and other infrastructure requirements and explores the implications for research policy.