The detection and neutralization of unexploded ordnance (UXO) has been of major concern for very many decades; at least since the First World War. UXO continues to be the subject of intensive research in many fields of science. While today's headlines emphasize the mayhem resulting from the placement of improvised explosive devices (IEDs), humanitarian landmine clearing continues to draw significant global attention as well. In many countries of the world, landmines threaten the population and hinder reconstruction and fast, efficient utilization of large areas of the mined land in the aftermath of military conflicts. The reports in this volume, written by world leaders from academia, Government and industry, describe how basic ideas from mathematics, radar, sonar and chemistry can be combined with ongoing improvements in hardware and computation, as well as very new advances in multisensor data fusion, to yield the promise of more sophisticated and accurate UXO detection and identification capabilities than currently exist.