This French-language volume presents Jean Mondot's study of Georg Christoph Lichtenberg's aphoristic writings, a body of work noted for compressed observations on science, society, morality, and language. Written for readers approaching Lichtenberg through a literary or philosophical lens, the book situates the aphorisms within their eighteenth-century context and examines how brief, often paradoxical statements can carry sustained critical force. It is useful both as an introduction to the themes and methods of the Aphorisms and as a guide for classroom discussion or independent reading. The edition emphasizes close attention to form: the fragment, the maxim, the ironic aside, and the sudden shift in perspective that characterize Lichtenberg's style. It does not replace the original texts, but it offers a structured way to understand their intellectual range and lasting relevance.