It describes the University of Chicago's archaeological survey and excavations in Pope and Massac counties in extreme southern Illinois on the Ohio River. The Kincaid site is a large, late-prehistoric Middle Mississippian regional center which is currently largely owned and administered by the State of Illinois and is again being subjected to research by Southern Illinois University. Most of the discussion deals with a relatively detailed discussion of the plan of the town, its fortifications and mounds, and the excavation of mounds and buildings, but there are also relatively detailed discussions of Early and Late Woodland cultures in the immediate vicinity. The work was well done and reported for the time (Late 1930's- early 1940's) but it does not compare with a well-done modern report. The book is one of the major building blocks of Lower Ohio, Illinois and Middle Mississippian archaeology. xvi + 385+ XXXII pages of plates.