This book records an international symposium where data on small proteins were examined in terms of renal physiology and metabolic functions, markers for detecting kidney damage, and mechanisms involved in drug-induced nephrotoxicity. Both basic and clinical findings are reported. The first group of papers concentrates on the catabolism of low molecular weight proteins of hormonal (insulin, glucagon, growth hormone and others) and nonhormonal (such as interferons, ß2-microglobulin, aprotinin) functions. For the first time the proximal tubular cells are referred to as a transport system significant for the removal of proteins, polypeptides and small peptides. The second section is devoted to the determination of specific urinary markers of renal damage. Studies reporting metabolic and structural changes In enzymes provide the clinician with a reliable tool for monitoring nephrotoxicity. The Involvement of drugs in the pathogenesis of nephrotoxicity is covered in the third section, which includes the first exhaustive data on the effects of piperacillin and aminoglycoside antibiotics. Dosage guidelines for prevention of tubular damage are also presented. The concluding papers examine special problems surrounding the association of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with an increased incidence of nephrotoxicity. Incorporating state-of-the-art reviews as well as new original data, this book is essential reading for enzymologists, pharmacologists, and drug researchers as well as clinical and research nephrologists.