"Liquid cell electron microscopy allows us to apply the powerful imaging and analysis capabilities of the electron microscope to liquid samples, visualizing structures and processes in biology, materials science and physics that are traditionally inaccessible to electron microscopy. This book describes the study of liquids in transmission and scanning electron microscopes, covering techniques, applications and future opportunities. The first eight chapters explain closed and open cell electron microscopy, which are the two general strategies that have been developed for examining liquids. These chapters discuss experimental design, image resolution, and electron beam effects. The next ten chapters describe the impact of liquid cell electron microscopy in fields including electrochemistry, corrosion and batteries; nanocrystal growth, electron beam-induced processing, fluid physics, biomineralization, and biomaterials including whole cells. The final five chapters look ahead to technical advances that improve image resolution and enable analytical microscopy and holography of liquid samples. The overall aim of the book is to provide guidance in studying liquid samples with electron microscopy and to encourage its use in even more diverse fields of science"--