This book is a collection of electronic discussions that took place on the Animal Welfare Institute's Laboratory Animal Refinement & Enrichment Forum between October 2002 and May 2007. Comments are based upon first-hand experiences about ways to improve the conditions under which animals are housed and handled in research facilities. Animals discussed include mice and other rodents, rabbits, farm animals, rhesus macaques and other nonhuman primates, dogs, cats, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians. Topics include housing, environmental enrichment, animal training, safety issues, maladaptive behaviors, and the human-animal relationship.