This book provides information about several important aspects of the Chinese economy. It identifies the problems that China must face to develop its economy and attempts to elucidate the structural deficiencies which lay behind these problems. The characteristics of the Chinese economy are depicted and it is compared with other economies in the world. The book also analyses China's present economic situation and, where possible, provides prescriptions for solving its problems by using the Japanese development experience since the Meiji period. The comparisons with Japan are intended to enhance the understanding of those who are knowledgeable of, and concerned with, China. It is hoped that this work will be read widely as an introduction by researchers and ordinary readers and students who want to acquire some general knowledge about the Chinese economy.