This new edited book focuses on the contemporary developments and results in mathematical systems theory and control. It is a book in honor of Diederich Hinrichsen, for his fundamental contributions and achievements in the fields of linear systems theory and control theory and for his long term achievements in establishing mathematical systems theory in Germany. The book includes invited, peer-reviewed, authoritative expositions and surveys of these fields, presented by leading international researchers. A key theme of the book is the stability and robustness of linear and nonlinear systems using the concepts of stability radii and spectral value sets. Chapters survey recent advances in linear and nonlinear systems theory, including parameterization problems and behaviors of linear systems, convolutional codes, and complementary systems and hybrid systems. In addition, the volume examines controllability and stabilization of infinite dimensional systems (allowing for hysteresis nonlinearities) with functional analytic and algebraic approaches. Features and topics include: * linear and nonlinear systems theory * control theory and applications * robust stability of multivariate polynomials * stability radii of slowly time-varying systems * invariance radius for nonlinear systems * parametrization of conditioned invariant subspaces The book is an essential resource for all researchers and professionals in applied mathematics and control engineering who are.