The present volume is a new edition of a volume published in 1985, ("Aplicatii ale teoriei grupurilor in mecanica si fízica", Editura Tehnica, Bucharest, Romania). This new edition contains many improvements concerning the presentation, as well as new topics using an enlarged and updated bibliography. In addition to the large area of domains in physics covered by this volume, we are presenting both discrete and continuous groups, while most of the books about applications of group theory in physics present only one type of groups (i.e., discrete or continuous), and the number of analyzed groups is also relatively small (i.e., point groups of crystallography, or the groups of rotations and translations as examples of continuous groups; some very specialized books study the Lorentz and Poincaré groups of relativity theory).