This book was produced after a multi-year dialogue between leading human rights theorists and high-level representatives of international human rights NGOs (INGOs). Its three parts reflect major ethical challenges discussed at workshops: ethical challenges associated with interaction between rich and powerful northern-based human rights INGOs and recipients of their aid in the South; whether to collaborate with governments that place severe restrictions on activities of human rights INGOs; and tension between expanding organization's mandate to address more fundamental social and economic problems and restricting it to more immediate violations of civil and political rights.