Part I. 'Dysempathy' in Psychiatric Samples: Foreword: empathy in mental illness / Peter W. R. Woodruff; 1. Empathic dysfunction in psychopathic individuals / James Blair; 2. Empathy deficits in schizophrenia / Kwang H. Lee; 3. Empathy, antisocial behaviour and personality pathology / Mairead Dolan and Rachael Fullam; 4. Empathy and depression / Lynn O'Connor, Jack Berry, Thomas Lewis, Katherine Mulherin and Eunice Yi; 5. Empathy, social intelligence, and aggression in adolescent boys and girls / Kaj Bjorkqvist; 6. Impaired empathy following ventromedial prefrontal brain damage / Simone Shamay-Tsoory; 7. Non-autism childhood empathy disorders / Christopher Gillberg; 8. Empathy and autism / Peter Hobson; Part II. Empathy and Related Concepts in Health: 9. Neonatal antecedents for empathy Miguel Diego and Nancy Aaron Jones; 10. The evolutionary neurobiology, emergence and facilitation of empathy / James Harris; 11.^ Naturally occurring variability in state empathy / John Nezlek, Astrid Schutz, Paulo Lopes and C. Veronica Smith; 12. Neuroimaging of empathy / Tom Farrow; 13. The neurophysiology of empathy / Nancy Aaron Jones and Chantal Gagnon; 14. The cognitive neuropsychology of empathy / Jean Decety, Philip Jackson and Eric Brunet; 15. The genetics of empathy and its disorders / Henrik Anckarsater and Robert Cloninger; 16. Empathogenic agents: their use, abuse, mechanism of action and addiction potential / Dan Velea and Michel Hautefeuille; 17. Existential empathy: the intimacy of self and other / Marco Iacoboni; 18. Empathizing and systemizing in males, females, and autism: a test of the neural competition theory / Nigel Goldenfeld, Simon Baron-Cohen, Sally Wheelwright, Chris Ashwin and Bhismadev Chakrabarti; 19. Motivational-affective processing and the neural foundations of empathy / India Morrison 20. Face processing and empathy / Tony Atkinson; Part III.^ Empathic Models, Regulation and Measurement of Empathy: 21. Balancing the empathy expense account: Strategies for regulating empathic response / Sara Hodges and Robert Biswas-Diener; 22. Empathic accuracy: measurement and potential clinical applications / Marianne Schmid Mast and William Ickes; 23. A Perception-Action model for empathy / Stephanie Preston; 24. The Shared Manifold Hypothesis: embodied simulation and its role in empathy and social cognition / Vittorio Gallese; 25. Using literature and the arts to develop empathy in medical students / Johanna Shapiro.