How and why did the psychoanalytic psychotherapies arise out of psychoanalysis a half-century ago? What are the similarities and the differences - in goals, strategies, and results - between psychoanalysis and the psychotherapies, and how have they changed over time? How have conceptual and technical advances in psychoanalysis influenced the relationship between psychoanalysis and the dynamic psychotherapies? In this book, an eminent psychoanalytic theoretician, clinician, educator, and researcher, who has been investigating the processes and outcomes of psychoanalysis and the related psychoanalytic psychotherapies for more than four decades, addresses these questions. Dr. Robert S. Wallerstein discusses, among other topics, the different models of psychoanalysis and the dynamic psychotherapies; the crystallization of consensus on these concepts in the post-World War II period and the progressive fragmentation in subsequent decades; and the relation of these evolving trends both to the proliferating relational and interactional perspectives in today's psychoanalytic world and to the increasing acknowledgment and acceptance of our worldwide psychoanalytic theoretical diversity.