This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Information Processing in Medical Imaging, IPMI 2001, held in Davis, CA, USA, in June 2001. The 54 revised papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 78 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on objective assessment of image quality, shape modeling, molecular and diffusion tensor imaging, registration and structural analysis, functional image analysis, fMRI/EEG/MEG, deformable registration, shape analysis, and analysis of brain structure.