This sophisticated volume, authored by leading archaeologists and historians of the classical world, is designed to encourage critical thinking about the role of ancient material culture in modern times and the role of modern preoccupations in shaping the study of ancient material. Comprised of paired essays--one covering the Greek world, the other, the Roman--that stimulate a dialogue not only between the two ancient cultures, but between scholars with different historiographic and methodological traditions. Encourages the teaching of thematic courses that cross over the Greek/Roman divide. Includes maps, chronologies, diagrams, photographs, and short editorial introductions to all chapters.