The demand for energy is rapidly increasing to fulfill the need of the rapidly increasing human population. The production of GREEN ENERGY is a dream of human kind. Despite the discovery of renewable sources of energy such as hydroelectric, wind and solar energy, use of thermal power plants powered by oil, coal and gas is vital to run the economy of the majority of developing countries. This, of course, puts pressure on the petroleum industry to extract and refine substantial quantities of crude oil to fulfill this demand. Resultantly, incidents of oil pollution have become very common due to oil spills during extraction, refining and transportation processes. Unfortunately, organic compounds do not degrade easily by natural degradation processes and stay in the environment for a long time. Therefore, they continue posing environmental and health risks to living organisms. Plants and microbes are of vital importance for our planet. They can be used as a potential source for phytoremediation of inorganic as well as organic pollutants so as to clean the environment. We need to explore   opportunities to find potential candidates to fortify our efforts of bio-remediation. This book is an effort to explore the possibilities of using plants and microbes to clean the organic and inorganic pollutants present in our environment thereby fulfilling our objective of green energy production.