This book contains contributions from a group of eminent computer scientists and engineers from several countries. It covers the evolution, the state of the art and the future perspectives of the field of fault-tolerant computing. Historic developments in academia and industry are described by those people who themselves have been actively involved in bringing them about. The papers were originally presented at a symposium on "The Evolution of Fault-Tolerant Computing" organized by the IFIP WG 10.4 "Reliable Computing and Fault-Tolerance", held in Baden, Austria, on June 30, 1986.