The importance of Xenophon as a historical source for the history of Greece in the classical period has long been recognised as an established fact. Many scholars also rightly judge him to be a priceless source of information about the Achemenid Empire and the nature of its relations with the Greeks. Given the amazing variety, and the value, of his literary output (the majority of them constitute the very beginning of a new literary genre), his importance in the history of Greek literature has also started to be appreciated, albeit quite recently. In consequence, the growing modern interest in Xenophon is manifested not only in books about him, but in the scholarly conferences too. This book contains a selection of the papers delivered at a conference held in October 2009 at Gdansk University: the place where the first monograph on Xenophon in Polish was written by Professor Krzysztof Glombiowski.