Formally, education has become one of the most important tools of political legitimacy throughout history. As a matter of fact, from antiquity the day-to-day schools have undertaken a mission to build "desirable subjects" that the authorities desire. It is true that schools are ideological devices, especially in modern states, but this proposition is missing in a way. Just as if each hegemonic plane is moving on the ground of counter-hegemonic, schools also occupy a "relatively autonomous" position from the hegemonic powers as part of this whole. Ultimately, rather than being a simple hegemonic device, education can be transformed into a space that produces the subjects of a counter-hegemonic attempt at any moment because it is a field of reproduction based on contradiction. In this book, the socio-political resources of the practices of Turkey's village institutes and Imam-Hatip schools are questioned and the roles of these practices in hegemonic and hegemonic processes are discussed.