This monograph, intended for use by practicing engineers, as well as students and researchers, covers the important topic of robot reliability and safety. There is a great need for increased performance in this area, as accidents and injury involving robots occur at an unacceptably high rate. This book filters through almost all of the published literature to provide the first coherent monograph on the subject. The book is intended for practicing engineers and senior undergraduate and graduate students with no previous knowledge of the subject. In general, emphasis is on the structure of concepts rather than on mathematical rigor and minute details. The source of most of the material presented in the book is given in references, to enable a reader to delve deeper into a specific area. The book contains over 750 references and approximately 40 solved examples. The references will provide readers with further information on relevant topics.