This inventory of past research and analysis is designed to give the academic and military reader an overall picture of the state of contemporary knowledge about the roles played by military establishments in developing nations. The report is organized into three major sections. Part I consists of a general discussion of the state of knowledge about military roles: types of research performed, relationship of research to changing U.S. objectives and policy, needs for further study, and a summary of general knowledge about military establishments for four major regions of the world. Part II consists of an inventory of findings and conclusions about military roles in the developmental process. Part III is a detailed annotated bibliography of the references used in compiling this report.