The Government of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan is combating an insurgency and simultaneously rebuilding its infrastructure to become a strong sovereign state no longer requiring assistance from the U.S. government (USG) or other nations. Key to the success of this effort is the provincial reconstruction team (PRT). The U.S. Army established PRTs from a need to stabilize the operating environment by developing the infrastructure and building capacity necessary for the Afghan people to succeed in a post-conflict environment. By design, PRTs have grown into interagency and multinational teams in both organization and scope. PRTs have become an integral part of International Security Assistance Force's long-term strategy to transition the lines of security, governance, and economics to the Afghan people. This handbook focuses on Afghanistan PRTs; the information contained in this handbook comes from multiple sources inside and outside the USG with the understanding that the way PRTs operate has changed and evolved over time.