This is a comprehensive collection of essays that explores cutting-edge work in experimental philosophy, a radical new movement that applies quantitative and empirical methods to traditional topics of philosophical inquiry. It situates the discipline within Western philosophy and then surveys the work of experimental philosophers by sub-discipline and contains insights for a diverse range of fields, including linguistics, cognitive science, anthropology, economics, and psychology, as well as almost every area of professional philosophy today. Edited by two rising scholars who take a broad and inclusive approach to the field, it offers a complete introduction for non-specialists and students to the central approaches, findings, challenges, and controversies in experimental philosophy.